Journal of Optimization and Supply Chain Management

Journal of Optimization and Supply Chain Management

Blockchain Technology and the Logistics Performance of Transport Operators in Northern Ghana: A Systematic Review

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors
Williams Kwame Boateng 1
Regina Ofori Asante 2
1 Department of Procurement and Supply Chain Management, School of Business, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
2 Department of Food and Postharvest Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana
10.22034/ISS.2026.10025.1065
Abstract
Objective: This review analyses the impact of blockchain technology on the logistics performance of transport operators in Northern Ghana. This study is driven by ongoing logistical issues in the region, such as inadequate transparency, poor coordination among supply chain participants, elevated transaction costs, and ineffective monitoring of transportation activities. Blockchain technology, characterized by its decentralized, irreversible, and transparent attributes, is becoming seen as a viable solution to these difficulties.
Methods: A systematic review technique according to PRISMA guidelines was employed to gather pertinent peer-reviewed articles, reports, and conference papers published from 2017 to 2024 from databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. 
Results: The review consolidates evidence regarding the impact of blockchain adoption on essential logistics performance metrics, such as delivery reliability, cost effectiveness, traceability, information sharing, and operational responsiveness. The results indicate that blockchain technology markedly improves logistics performance by augmenting data integrity, facilitating real-time tracking, fostering trust among stakeholders, and ensuring contract enforcement through smart contracts. The assessment reveals significant obstacles to adoption in Northern Ghana, including insufficient digital infrastructure, elevated implementation costs, poor technical proficiency, and regulatory ambiguity.
Conclusion: The study concludes that although blockchain technology possesses significant potential to enhance logistics performance among transport operators in Northern Ghana, its effective implementation necessitates supportive policies, capacity development, and strategic collaboration between public and private stakeholders.
Keywords
blockchain
distributed ledger technology
supply chain
visibility
Northern Ghana
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Journal of Optimization and Supply Chain Management
Volume 3, Issue 1
Winter 2026
Pages 30-42